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pcm-sms-decode documentation
author Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
date Sat, 27 Mar 2021 00:28:49 +0000
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ac527de89a0d pcm-sms-decode documentation
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
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1 Using FreeCalypso tools to access user data on non-free phones
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2 ==============================================================
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3
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4 If you are using a Motorola C1xx or Pirelli DP-L10 phone as your daily driver,
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5 running its original proprietary fw for the lack of anything better, you can
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6 still use FreeCalypso tools to get to some of your user data, namely, your
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7 phonebook and your SMS store. You can even do the same with a non-Calypso
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8 phone if you can move the SIM in and out of it. This article tells you how to
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9 do such tricks.
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10
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11 Phonebook howto
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12 ===============
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13
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14 Whenever you have to use a phone whose firmware is not fully liberated, you
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15 should always store your phonebook contacts on the SIM, rather than "on the
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16 phone". SIM phonebook storage format is strictly defined by standard specs,
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17 leaving no room for proprietary firmwares to apply any wacky proprietary ideas
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18 of their own - OTOH, "on the phone" storage really means storing your data in
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19 proprietary fw data structures in only-Cthulhu-knows-what format.
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20
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21 If you have your contacts stored in your SIM phonebook, you can manipulate the
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22 latter with FreeCalypso tools: you can dump your SIM phonebook and save it on
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23 your larger host computer, you can restore these backups back to the SIM, and
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24 you can freely edit your SIM phonebook. If your phone is a supported Calypso
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25 model, you can perform all of these manipulations without removing your SIM -
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26 you only need to shut down the phone's regular fw for the duration of the
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27 operation, just like you would do for flashing with fc-loadtool. The other way
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28 is to remove your SIM from the phone and stick it into a standalone smart card
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29 "reader" device - this path is totally independent of all phones.
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30
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31 You will need to have both the present FC host tools package and the separate
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32 FC SIM tools package installed on your host machine. See the instructions in
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33 the SIM-manipulation article for how to run fc-simint for the purpose of
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34 operating on a SIM card inside your Calypso phone. Once you have landed at the
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35 simtool> prompt, see the doc/User-oriented-commands article in the fc-sim-tools
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36 repository for instructions on how to enter your PIN (if your SIM requires one)
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37 and how to manipulate your phonebooks.
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38
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39 SMS storage howto
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40 =================
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41
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42 Motorola's firmware always stores received SMS on the SIM, whereas sent SMS are
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43 stored in their FFS (flash file system, see Compal-FFS article) in their own
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44 proprietary format. You can transfer your received SMS to your larger host
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45 computer for longer-term archival as follows:
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46
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47 1) Shut down the phone's regular fw and run fc-simint to operate on the SIM;
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48
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49 2) Once you are at the simtool> prompt, enter your PIN if your SIM requires one,
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50 and then save the SIM SMS store to a Unix host file with the save-sms-bin
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51 command, as explained in the doc/User-oriented-commands article in the
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52 fc-sim-tools repository. You can then issue an sms-erase-all command in the
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53 same seesion to clean out the SIM SMS store.
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54
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55 3) The files saved by the fc-simint/fc-simtool save-sms-bin command are binary,
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56 but the message content can then be fully decoded to human-readable ASCII
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57 (or ISO 8859-1 or UTF-8 if desired) with our pcm-sms-decode utility,
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58 described later in this article.
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59
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60 To retrieve your sent SMS from Compal's FFS, you will need to similarly shut
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61 down the phone's regular fw and read out the FFS sectors with fc-loadtool. You
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62 can then use our tiffs utility to parse the FFS structure, but the format of the
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63 actual files used by Compal's proprietary fw implementation has not been studied
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64 in detail by the Mother, thus you will need to use your own brain cells for
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65 further decoding.
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66
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67 If you use a Pirelli DP-L10 phone rather than Motorola C1xx, Pirelli's fw gives
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68 you the option of storing received SMS either on the SIM or "on the phone", the
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69 latter meaning Pirelli's FFS. Sent SMS are always stored in Pirelli's FFS.
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70
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71 If you use SIM storage for received SMS on your Pirelli phone, then the
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72 procedure for retrieving those SMS is the same as for Mot C1xx, as detailed
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73 above. However, with this phone model, configuring the fw to store received SMS
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74 in its FFS ("on the phone") is generally preferable: Pirelli's fw maintains a
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75 file in its FFS (/pcm/SMS) whose binary format is exactly the same as the
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76 standards-defined format for storing SMS on the SIM, thus reading out /pcm/SMS
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77 with fc-fsio is just as good as reading out EF_SMS with fc-simint or fc-simtool,
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78 but is much more convenient: fc-fsio operates on the phone while its regular fw
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79 is running, whereas direct SIM manipulation with fc-simint requires shutting
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80 down the phone's regular fw. Pirelli's fw also accesses its SMS store faster
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81 when FFS storage is used, rather than SIM.
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82
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83 Decoding received SMS binary files with pcm-sms-decode
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84 ======================================================
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85
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86 Whether you have retrieved your SMS store from a SIM with fc-simint/fc-simtool
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87 save-sms-bin command or read out Pirelli's /pcm/SMS file with fc-fsio, the
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88 binary format is exactly the same: a bundle of 176-byte records directly abutted
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89 together, with each individual record having the standard format defined in GSM
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90 TS 11.11 and its successor 3GPP TS 51.011. Looking at raw hex dumps won't be
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91 very helpful, as the reversed nibble format used for phone numbers and SC
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92 timestamps is not directly human-readable, and the message bodies will usually
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93 be in the form of packed septets - hence a special decoding program is needed.
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94
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95 Our pcm-sms-decode utility does the needed job of reading these binary files and
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96 fully decoding them into human-readable ASCII, or ISO 8859-1 or UTF-8 if your
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97 host system supports such extended character sets and you have received SMS
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98 content that uses beyond-ASCII characters. pcm-sms-decode was added to FC host
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99 tools suite in early 2020; it is based on and shares most of its code with our
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100 earlier sms-pdu-decode utility from 2018. (The latter is meant for decoding SMS
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101 PDUs retrieved from FreeCalypso AT command modems with fcup-smdump.)
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102
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103 pcm-sms-decode uses the same backslash escapes in its output and accepts the
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104 same -e, -u and -h options as sms-pdu-decode - please refer to the description
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105 of sms-pdu-decode in the User-phone-tools article for the details.
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106
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107 By default, pcm-sms-decode numbers the records being decoded as 0 to N-1, where
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108 N is the total number of records in the binary file given to it (file size equal
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109 to N*176 bytes). As of fc-host-tools-r15, newly added -s option causes it to
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110 number these same records as 1 to N instead. The original 0-based record
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111 numbering was implemented when the tool was used solely to decode /pcm/SMS from
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112 Pirelli's fw (before the introduction of fc-simtool), but now that we have
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113 fc-simtool and fc-simint, and given that the SIM interface protocol and SIM file
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114 system definition use 1-based record numbers, we need to support the same
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115 convention in pcm-sms-decode for consistency.