FreeCalypso > hg > freecalypso-citrine

annotate doc/Compal-Howto @ 28:cb00b90edaff

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documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
author Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
date Sun, 12 Jun 2016 18:28:35 +0000
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28
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
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1 FreeCalypso Citrine firmware on Mot C11x/12x and C139/140 families
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2 ==================================================================
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3
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4 NOTE: this write-up refers specifically to our work-in-progress Citrine fw.
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5 The tcs211-c139 hack which we have produced in late 2015 is an entirely
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6 different animal.
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7
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8 Unlike tcs211-c139, Citrine can run equally "well" on both our preferred
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9 C139/140 platform and the more primitive C11x/12x, but this fw is currently
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10 much more limited:
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11
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12 * tcs211-c139 includes TI's demo/prototype UI code and an LCD driver that works
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13 with C139/140 LCD hardware; Citrine currently has no UI code at all,
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14 expecting control via AT commands via the same serial cable you use for
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15 flashing it.
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16
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17 * TCS211 is TI's official production-quality firmware for the Calypso, whereas
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18 our Citrine fw is only beginning to catch up to it - see the Current_Status
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19 article for more information.
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20
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21 The phones in this family have very little RAM: 256 KiB of Calypso on-chip RAM
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22 (IRAM) on all variants, plus another 256 KiB of board-level RAM (XRAM) on
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23 C11x/12x or 512 KiB of XRAM on C139/140. The tcs211-c139 port uses almost all
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24 available IRAM and XRAM on the C139, hence porting it to C11x with even less
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25 RAM was completely out of the question. Citrine currently has a lot less
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26 functionality integrated, which naturally translates to lower memory
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27 requirements - hence it is possible to build for the C11x.
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28
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29 Because RAM is so precious on these feeble targets, running our own fw on them
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30 absolutely requires flashing - fc-xram is not an option. Furthermore, we cannot
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31 use an FFS-in-RAM configuration like we do on large-XRAM targets, and Motorola's
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32 original FFS (flash file system) on these phones is not suitable for our needs -
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33 unlike the situation on Openmoko modems. Therefore, we need to create and
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34 maintain our own aftermarket FFS in a region of the device's flash memory which
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35 we arbitrarily choose ourselves.
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36
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37 If you are going to play with FreeCalypso firmwares on Mot C1xx targets, we
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38 recommend that you devote a phone specifically for FreeCalypso and have another
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39 phone to charge batteries. The process of flashing our firmware and creating
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40 and maintaining the necessary aftermarket FFS on these targets is quite
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41 involved, hence flashing a given phone back and forth between FreeCalypso and
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42 Mot/Compal's official firmwares would be a total pita. However, none of our
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43 firmwares (neither this one nor tcs211-c139) currently has working battery
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44 charging code, hence you will need to use another phone running one of the
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45 official fw versions to charge batteries.
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46
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47 Compiling
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48 =========
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49
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50 The starting configuration file for building Citrine for targets in this family
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51 is configs/c139-gsm-flash. If your phone is a C139 or C140, this default
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52 config can be used as-is, although you are always welcome to edit it to taste.
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53 If your phone is C11x or C12x, change the target setting from c139 to c11x.
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54
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55 The two numbers on the 'feature aftermarket-ffs' line select the region of
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56 flash where our aftermarket FFS will be placed. The default configuration
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57 places our FFS in the region from 0x3C0000 through 0x3EFFFF. This configuration
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58 is recommended because:
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59
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60 * it does not conflict with the FFS maintained by Mot/Compal's fw (the two
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61 locations are different), eliminating the possibility of one firmware trying
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62 to use the FFS created by the other;
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63
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64 * it is placed at the very end of the flash (or rather at the end of the main
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65 flash zone with 64 KiB sectors), maximizing the room available for the
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66 firmware code image.
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67
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68 NOTE 1: our aftermarket FFS code cannot use 8 KiB flash sectors at the chip's
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69 highest addresses. Therefore, the sectors with factory data (which we don't
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70 know how to grok) are safely left untouched by our fw.
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71
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72 NOTE 2: if your phone is a C11x/12x variant with 2 MiB of flash (some have
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73 2 MiB, others have 4 MiB), directing the firmware to put its FFS at 0x3C0000
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74 will result in it being at 0x1C0000 in reality - the highest address bit does
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75 nothing when the flash chip only has 2 MiB.
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76
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77 NOTE 3: if your phone is C139/140, keeping the aftermarket FFS at 0x3C0000 is
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78 doubly recommended as that is the location used by our tcs211-c139 build.
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79
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80 Flashing
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81 ========
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82
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83 The flashing procedures can be divided into two parts: the steps which you need
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84 to perform only once when you first convert a given phone from Mot/Compal's fw
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85 to FreeCalypso vs. the steps which you need to perform each time you wish to
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86 flash another image you just compiled.
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87
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88 If you are starting with a "virgin" phone that never ran FreeCalypso before,
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89 you will need to start by breaking in with fc-loadtool and possibly tfc139 -
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90 see the Compal-unlock article in the FreeCalypso host tools package for more
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91 details. Once you are in with loadtool and have made a backup of your original
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92 flash content, your first step will be to reflash sector 0 (the dangerous one)
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93 with a version of the bootloader code that has been patched to transfer control
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94 to the main fw image in the way we need:
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95
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96 loadtool> flash erase-program-boot compal-flash-boot-for-fc.bin
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97
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98 The compal-flash-boot-for-fc.bin code image can be downloaded here:
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99
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100 ftp://ftp.freecalypso.org/pub/GSM/FreeCalypso/compal-flash-boot-for-fc.bin
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101
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102 It was made from one of Mot/Compal's original versions by applying a binary
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103 patch to it; the source for this patch can be found in the retired
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104 freecalypso-sw source repository on Bitbucket.
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105
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106 This step of replacing the bootloader needs to be done only once - you don't
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107 need to reflash this dangerous sector again when you reflash the main fw image.
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108 The patched FreeCalypso bootloader is also the same for both the present Citrine
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109 fw and tcs211-c139.
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110
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111 The next step is to flash the main firmware image which you have just compiled:
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112
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113 loadtool> flash erase 0x10000 0x160000
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114 loadtool> flash program-bin 0x10000 finlink/flashImage.bin
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115
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116 Note that the main fw image is flashed at 0x10000 on these targets. It is
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117 flashed at 0 on sane targets with the Calypso boot ROM enabled in the hardware,
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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118 but Compal phones have malicious wiring in their PCBs that makes them brickable
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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119 and imposes the requirement of having working boot code in sector 0 at all
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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120 times, with the main fw image pushed down to 0x10000.
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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121
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parents:
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122 Finally, you should erase the flash region which you have allocated for the
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parents:
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123 aftermarket FFS:
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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124
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125 loadtool> flash erase 0x3C0000 0x30000
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
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126
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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127 or if your phone only has 2 MiB of flash:
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128
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129 loadtool> flash erase 0x1C0000 0x30000
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130
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parents:
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131 Now you can close your loadtool session with an exit command, and the phone
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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132 will be cleanly powered off.
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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133
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parents:
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134 The next time you need to reflash another FreeCalypso image, get in with
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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135 loadtool like this:
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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136
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
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137 fc-loadtool -h compal /dev/ttyXXX
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
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138
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
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139 There is no more need for tfc139 or for the inefficient -c 1003 option to
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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140 fc-loadtool once you've replaced the bootloader with compal-flash-boot-for-fc.
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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141 Once you are in loadtool, just reflash the main fw image, and leave the
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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142 bootloader and FFS sectors alone.
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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143
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
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144 First boot of the firmware
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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145 ==========================
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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146
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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147 Connect the serial cable, but instead of running fc-loadtool, run rvinterf.
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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148 Press the red power button on the phone briefly just like you would for
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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149 fc-loadtool entry. Because there is no fc-loadtool running on the host end of
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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150 the serial cable, the boot path will *not* be diverted in the bootloader, and
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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151 the main fw image will run - and this time it will be the FreeCalypso firmware
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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152 you have compiled and flashed. The phone's LCD will remain dark as there is no
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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153 LCD driver code in this firmware, but you will see trace output in the rvinterf
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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154 window, telling you that the fw is running.
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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155
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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156 Before you do anything else, you will need to run fc-fsio and initialize the
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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157 aftermarket FFS for our firmware. When running on Openmoko GTA0x and Pirelli
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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158 DP-L10 targets, our fw can use the original factory-programmed IMEISV and RF
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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159 calibration values (partial in the case of the Pirelli), but on Mot/Compal
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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160 phones these factory data are stored in a format which we haven't been able to
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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161 grok, hence we cannot make use of them. Therefore, you will have to set your
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
162 own IMEISV manually, and the radio will run uncalibrated.
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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163
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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164 Initialize your aftermarket FFS as follows:
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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165
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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166 fsio> format /
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
167 fsio> mk-std-dirs
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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168 fsio> set-imeisv fc XXXXXXXX-YYYYYY-ZZ (punctuation optional, place anywhere)
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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169 fsio> set-rfcap dual-eu (if you have 900+1800 MHz hardware)
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
170 or
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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171 fsio> set-rfcap dual-us (if you have 850+1900 MHz hardware)
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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172
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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173 After you've initialized your FFS as above, you can exit fc-fsio, run fc-shell
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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174 and try some AT commands:
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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175
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
176 AT+CMEE=2 -- enable verbose error responses
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
177 AT+CFUN=1 -- enable radio and SIM interfaces
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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178 AT+COPS=0 -- register to the default GSM network
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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179
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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180 When you are done, you can power the phone off by sending a 'poweroff' command
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
181 through fc-shell. The only other way is to yank the battery, and doing the
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
182 latter is recommended anyway: when a phone with the present hack-firmware
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
183 flashed into it is powered off but still has the battery inserted, even a
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
184 momentary accidental press of the power button will cause it to power on and
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
185 boot, but there will be absolutely no visual indication, as the LCD stays dark.
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
186
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
187 FreeCalypso GSM firmware on Mot C155/156
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
188 ========================================
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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189
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
190 One major difference between Mot C155/156 and the other two subfamilies is that
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
191 C155 and C156 have 2 MiB of XRAM, which is large enough to allow our small-ish
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
192 experimental firmware to run entirely from RAM, without flashing, just like on
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
193 the Pirelli DP-L10.
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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194
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
195 If you are ready to play with our experimental GSM pseudo-modem fw on your
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
196 C155/156, the steps are as follows:
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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197
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
198 1. Build the firmware in the c155-gsm-ramonly configuration - see the
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
199 Compiling document for more details.
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
200
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
201 2. Connect your serial or USB-serial cable as usual; the phone needs to be
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
202 powered off at this point.
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
203
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
204 3. Run a command like the following:
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
205
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
206 fc-xram -h c155 /dev/ttyUSB0 finlink/ramImage.srec rvinterf
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
207
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
208 If you are using an official FreeCalypso USB-serial cable from UberWaves,
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
209 you can speed up the code download by switching the serial line to 812500
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
210 baud:
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
211
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
212 fc-xram -h c155 -B 812500 /dev/ttyUSB0 finlink/ramImage.srec rvinterf
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
213
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
214 Adjust the paths to your /dev/ttyUSBx or other serial device and your
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
215 ramImage.srec as appropriate, and add rvinterf logging or other options as
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
216 desired. Specifying rvinterf on the fc-xram command line directs fc-xram to
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
217 exec rvinterf and pass the serial channel to it immediately as soon as the
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
218 code image has been loaded into target RAM and jumped to; this direct
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
219 passing of the serial channel from fc-xram to rvinterf is appropriate
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
220 because the loaded fw will immediately start emitting binary trace packets
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
221 in TI's RVTMUX format.
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
222
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
223 4. Momentarily press the red power button on the phone.
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
224
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
225 Once the phone executes its boot code with fc-xram running, the boot path will
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
226 be diverted and our experimental firmware will be loaded into target device RAM
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
227 and jumped to. Our fw will now run, and the rvinterf process on the host will
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
228 maintain communication with it.
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
229
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
230 Just like on the lower Mot/Compal subfamilies, we don't know how to extract the
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
231 factory-programmed IMEI and RF calibration data from Mot/Compal's proprietary
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
232 flash data structures, therefore, when our RAM-based firmware boots, it has no
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
233 IMEI and no RF calibration. Because this RAM-only configuration leaves the
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
234 flash completely alone and does not create a non-volatile FFS there, you will
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
235 need to set the IMEISV and RFCAP with fc-fsio on each boot. See the fc-fsio
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
236 commands given earlier, but skip the format command as the RAM-based FFS is
cb00b90edaff documentation write-ups imported from freecalypso-sw and updated for Citrine
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
237 automatically formatted - but not otherwise initialized - upon firmware boot.