annotate doc/Rvinterf-tools @ 1011:6d9b10633f10 default tip

etmsync Pirelli IMEI retrieval: fix poor use of printf() Bug reported by Vadim Yanitskiy <fixeria@osmocom.org>: the construct where a static-allocated string was passed to printf() without any format arguments causes newer compilers to report a security problem. Given that formatted output is not needed here, just fixed string output, change printf() to fputs(), and direct the error message to stderr while at it.
author Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
date Thu, 23 May 2024 17:29:57 +0000
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1 This document describes the basic usage principles for our rvinterf suite of
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2 tools, which is the subset of FC host tools for talking to TI-based GSM devices
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3 via the RVTMUX binary packet interface.
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4
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5 rvtdump
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6 =======
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7
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8 Rvtdump is a utility that listens on a serial port, receives traces or any other
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9 packets emitted by the running firmware of a GSM device in TI's RVTMUX format,
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10 decodes them into readable ASCII and emits them to stdout and/or to a log file.
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11 It is to be invoked as follows:
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12
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13 rvtdump [options] /dev/ttyXXX
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14
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15 where the sole non-option argument is the serial port it should open and listen
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16 on.
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17
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18 The available options are:
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19
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20 -b
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21
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22 Normally the rvtdump process remains in the foreground and emits its
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23 output on stdout. The -b option suppresses the normal output and causes
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24 rvtdump to put itself in the background: fork at startup, then have the
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25 parent exit while the child remains running. -b is not useful and not
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26 allowed without -l.
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27
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28 -B baud
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29
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30 Selects which RVTMUX serial channel baud rate our tool should listen
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31 for. Defaults to 115200 baud, which is TI's default and is correct for
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32 our standard FreeCalypso firmwares, for Openmoko's legacy firmwares and
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33 for Pirelli's proprietary fw. Use -B 57600 for Compal's RVTMUX, the
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34 one accessible via **16379#.
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35
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36 -d <file descriptor number>
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37
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38 This option is not meant for direct use by human users. It is inserted
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39 automatically when rvtdump is launched from fc-xram as the secondary
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40 program that immediately takes over the serial channel.
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41
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42 -l logfile
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43
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44 Log all received and decoded packets into the specified file in addition
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45 to (without -b) or instead of (with -b) dumping them on stdout. Each
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46 line in the log file is also time-stamped; the timestamps are in GMT
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47 (gmtime(3)) instead of local time - Spacefalcon the Outlaw dislikes
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48 local times.
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49
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50 rvinterf
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51 ========
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52
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53 Rvinterf (the specific program by this name) is an extended version of rvtdump
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54 (see above) that decodes and dumps and/or logs any and all output generated by
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55 the firmware running on the target just like rvtdump, but also creates a local
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56 UNIX domain socket on the host machine to which "client" programs can connect.
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57 "Client" programs connecting to rvinterf via this local socket interface can:
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58
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59 1. Receive copies of selected RVTMUX packets coming from the target;
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60
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61 2. Send arbitrary RVTMUX packets toward the target.
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62
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63 Rvinterf is invoked just like rvtdump:
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64
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65 rvinterf [options] /dev/ttyXXX
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66
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67 The following options have the same meaning as in rvtdump, see the rvtdump
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68 section above for the details: -b, -B, -d and -l. The only difference is that
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69 -b without -l is potentially useful and thus allowed. Additionally rvinterf -b
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70 records the PID of the backgrounded process in /tmp/rvinterf.pid (inability to
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71 write to this file produces a non-fatal warning); the intended use case is for
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72 scripts that run rvinterf -b (perhaps as fc-xram secondary program with the FFS
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73 editor application), perform some fc-fsio or other manipulations, and then kill
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74 the backgrounded rvinterf process.
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75
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76 Additional rvinterf options which don't exist in rvtdump are:
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77
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78 -n
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79
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80 Suppress the output on stdout like -b, but don't fork into background.
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81 This option is passed by "client" programs when they invoke rvinterf
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82 behind the scenes instead of connecting to an already-running rvinterf
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83 instance.
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84
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85 -P <boot control name>
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86
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87 See Target-boot-control article.
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88
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89 -s pathname_for_socket
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90
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91 By default the local UNIX domain socket created by rvinterf is bound to
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92 /tmp/rvinterf_socket; this option allows any other pathname to be
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93 specified.
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94
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95 -S <file descriptor number>
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96
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97 This option is not meant for direct use by human users. It is passed
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98 by "client" programs when they invoke rvinterf behind the scenes with
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99 an unnamed and unbound socket pair instead of connecting to an already-
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100 running rvinterf instance.
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101
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102 -v
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103
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104 Verbose output mode. By default the "main" user output from rvinterf
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105 (stdout and/or log file) omits certain packet exchanges: for TM/ETM
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106 packet exchanges only a one-line summary is printed (no full hex dump),
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107 whereas for packet exchanges with FC firmware TCH tap feature only a
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108 count of sent and received TCH packets is printed in between other
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109 (usually trace) packet types. With a single -v option a full hex dump
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110 is added to the log output for TM/ETM packet exchanges; specifying -vv
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111 causes all TCH packets to be dumped in raw hex as well.
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112
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113 -w number_in_seconds
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114
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115 Reliable UART communication with a Calypso GSM device that can
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116 potentially enter the so-called "deep sleep" mode requires certain
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117 special workarounds that could be described as a bit of an ugly hack:
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118 see the Deep-sleep-support article for the gory details. The hack
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119 implemented in rvinterf is as follows: if a packet is to be sent to the
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120 target and more than a set time has elapsed since the last transmitted
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121 packet, the packet is preceded by a "wake-up shot" of 64 0 bytes
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122 (outside of a packet, ignored by the fw) and a 100 ms pause.
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123
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124 The -w option changes the elapsed time threshold at which the "wake-up
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125 shot" is sent; the default is 7 s. Specify -w 0 to disable this hack
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126 altogether.
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127
950
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128 -X <virtual LCD program>
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129
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diff changeset
130 This option exists only to support an obsolete interface for virtual LCD
bdd92dba7dd9 doc/Rvinterf-tools: document rvinterf -X option
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diff changeset
131 output, originally implemented as an experiment in 2015 and never used
bdd92dba7dd9 doc/Rvinterf-tools: document rvinterf -X option
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diff changeset
132 with much success. The program named with this option (the intended
bdd92dba7dd9 doc/Rvinterf-tools: document rvinterf -X option
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diff changeset
133 usage is -X fc-lcdemu) will be launched via popen(3), and any received
bdd92dba7dd9 doc/Rvinterf-tools: document rvinterf -X option
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diff changeset
134 output from the target on FC-invented EXTUI RVTMUX channel will be
bdd92dba7dd9 doc/Rvinterf-tools: document rvinterf -X option
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parents: 948
diff changeset
135 forwarded to this program.
bdd92dba7dd9 doc/Rvinterf-tools: document rvinterf -X option
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diff changeset
136
432
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parents:
diff changeset
137 Client programs
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
138 ===============
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
139
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diff changeset
140 We have an entire family of so-called "client" programs which connect to
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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diff changeset
141 rvinterf via the local socket interface and use rvinterf as the back-end engine
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
142 for communicating with GSM device firmwares. The main ones are fc-fsio,
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
143 fc-shell and fc-tmsh described in the RVTMUX article, and the less important
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
144 ones are fc-memdump, fc-dspapidump, fc-readcal and fc-tmsync listed in
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
145 Host-tools-overview. There is also the fcup-rvtat program which is invoked
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
146 behind the scenes by fcup-* tools (see User-phone-tools) when they are used
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
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147 with the -R option.
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148
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diff changeset
149 All of these client programs can work in one of two ways: they can connect to
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
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150 an already running rvinterf process through the UNIX domain socket mechanism,
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
151 or they can launch their own private instance of rvinterf behind the scenes,
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parents:
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152 using an unnamed and unbound socket pair. (Don't try to have two or more
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parents:
diff changeset
153 rvinterf instances running on the same serial port, it won't work.) The
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parents:
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154 following command line options are standardized across all of our rvinterf
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parents:
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155 client programs:
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parents:
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156
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parents:
diff changeset
157 -p /dev/ttyXXX
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parents:
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158
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parents:
diff changeset
159 Don't connect to an already running rvinterf process, instead launch a
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
160 private instance of rvinterf on the named serial port.
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parents:
diff changeset
161
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
162 -B baud
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parents:
diff changeset
163 -l logfile
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
164 -w number_in_seconds
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parents:
diff changeset
165
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parents:
diff changeset
166 These options are valid only when -p is used, and are passed through to
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
167 rvinterf.
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
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168
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
169 -s pathname_for_socket
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parents:
diff changeset
170
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diff changeset
171 Connect to a different local UNIX domain socket pathname instead of the
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
172 default /tmp/rvinterf_socket. This option is valid only when -p is not
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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diff changeset
173 used.
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
174
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
175 Interactive vs. one-shot operation
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parents:
diff changeset
176 ==================================
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
177
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diff changeset
178 Our main client programs fc-fsio, fc-shell, fc-tmsh and fc-tmsync can operate
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
179 in both interactive and one-shot modes. If there is a specific command given
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
180 on the invokation command line, that command is executed in the one-shot mode
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
181 (the program executes that one command, waits for the response from the target
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
182 if appropriate, and exits), otherwise each of the listed programs enters its
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
183 own interactive mode with its own prompt. The more specialized client programs
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
184 fc-memdump, fc-dspapidump and fc-readcal always operate in the one-shot manner.
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
185
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parents:
diff changeset
186 fc-fsio, fc-tmsync and the just-listed specialized client programs are
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
187 synchronous in nature: whether they are used interactively or in a one-shot
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parents:
diff changeset
188 manner (single command per program invokation), all of their operations are
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
189 built from command-response primitives: each internal low-level function sends
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
190 a command packet to the target via rvinterf and waits for a response from the
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
191 target; not getting a response or getting a wrong or unexpected response is a
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
192 fatal error. There is no such thing as a no-wait mode (one-shot or otherwise)
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
193 with these synchronous programs. Furthermore, what appears to be a single
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
194 command at the high level may consist of a large number of command-response
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parents:
diff changeset
195 packet exchanges under the hood, and the one-shot mode can be used equally
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
196 easily to run a simple command or a script consisting of many commands. The
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parents:
diff changeset
197 fcup-* -R mechanism (implemented by way of the fcup-rvtat back-end program) is
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
198 also synchronous like the fc-fsio and fc-tmsync family.
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parents:
diff changeset
199
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
200 In contrast, fc-shell and fc-tmsh are asynchronous, and they work most naturally
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
201 in their interactive mode. An interactive fc-shell or fc-tmsh session is a
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
202 select loop that listens simultaneously for both user command input on the
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
203 terminal and packets from the target on the rvinterf socket; user commands cause
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
204 command packets to be sent to the target and any response packets received from
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
205 the target are decoded and displayed on the terminal, but these two directions
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
206 are completely decoupled from each other. The one-shot mode of operation is
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
207 inherently less natural with these programs, and constitutes a bit of a hack.
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
208
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
209 fc-tmsh offers the same repertoire of commands in both interactive and one-shot
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
210 modes, and each of these commands sends a Test Mode command packet to the
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
211 target. The one-shot mode is actually two modes: one-shot with a wait for a
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
212 target response (default) and one-shot with no wait (-n option). One-shot with
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
213 no wait is straighforward: fc-tmsh constructs the requested TM command packet,
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
214 sends it to the target via rvinterf and exits. In the other one-shot mode
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
215 without -n, fc-tmsh sends the command packet to the target and falls into a loop
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
216 processing input from rvinterf; as soon as some (any) packet is received from
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
217 the target on the TM channel, that packet (which is decoded and displayed) is
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
218 considered to be the response and the program exits with a success indication.
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
219
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
220 fc-shell is the oddest of the bunch: the set of one-shot commands is a subset
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
221 of those available in the interactive mode, as some of the commands cannot work
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
222 outside of the interactive mode select loop environment. Furthermore, almost
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
223 all of the one-shot commands in fc-shell always operate in the no-wait manner
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
224 whether -n is given or not. The only fc-shell one-shot commands which wait for
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
225 a target response in the absence of -n (similarly to fc-tmsh) are AT commands.
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
226
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
227 Startup synchronization hack
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
228 ============================
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
229
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
230 There is one annoying issue that has been seen with FTDI USB-serial adapters:
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
231 when the serial port served by an FTDI adapter has been receiving serial traffic
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
232 from the target while no host program is running with the port open to read it,
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
233 and then a host program is started, that newly started host program will often
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
234 get some stale or total garbage input from the freshly opened ttyUSBx port on
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
235 startup. In most usage scenarios this issue is not a killer for our rvinterf
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
236 suite, only an annoyance: if rvinterf is started on a serial port with this
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
237 initial garbage, there will be some garbage displayed by rvinterf initially,
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
238 but then it will quickly regain synchronization with the running firmware
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
239 target. If there is any delay between the starting of rvinterf and command-
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
240 response packet exchanges with the target (if rvinterf is run explicitly by the
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
241 operator first and then the client program, or if the client program that
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
242 launches rvinterf is an interactive one), no problems occur: rvinterf will be
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
243 in sync with the target with all initial garbage flushed by the time it needs
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
244 to do the first command-response packet exchange.
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
245
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
246 There is one potentially problematic usage scenario, though: consider what
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
247 happens when a one-shot operation is commanded, it is a type of one-shot
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
248 operation that includes waiting for a response from the target, and rvinterf is
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
249 being launched from the client program with -p. In this scenario there will be
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
250 a command packet sent to the target as soon as rvinterf starts up, and the
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
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parents:
diff changeset
251 client program will expect rvinterf to capture and deliver the target fw's
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
diff changeset
252 response correctly, but there may not be enough time for rvinterf to clear the
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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253 initial garbage presented by the imperfect serial port hardware+driver
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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254 combination.
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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255
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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256 Our solution to this potential trouble source is a hack: in the special case
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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257 when rvinterf is being launched by the client program with -p and when the
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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258 client operation to be performed falls into the category of one-shot with a wait
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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259 for the target fw response, a 30 ms delay is inserted after the return from the
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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260 vfork call that launches rvinterf and before any actual operations. This hack
5484dab78c33 doc/Rvinterf-tools write-up added
Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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261 has been deemed to be acceptable because this combination of doing one-shot
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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262 operations while launching rvinterf with -p is not a very sensible way of using
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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263 our rvinterf tools generally, hence it has been deemed acceptable to add a bit
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Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org>
parents:
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264 of slowdown to this rather contrived use case.