FreeCalypso > hg > freecalypso-tools
annotate doc/Audio-mode-config @ 839:b053e4141a16
CHANGES: refer to doc/Audio-mode-config for AEC support changes
| author | Mychaela Falconia <falcon@freecalypso.org> | 
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| date | Fri, 30 Jul 2021 05:42:21 +0000 | 
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changeset | 1 There exist a number of tunable settings in the Iota ABB (the chip that performs | 
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changeset | 2 A-to-D and D-to-A conversion for the voice path) and in the Calypso DSP which | 
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changeset | 3 in TI's firmware architecture are meant to be configured through the audio mode | 
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changeset | 4 facility of the RiViera Audio Service. The ABB settings grouped under the audio | 
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changeset | 5 mode are as follows: | 
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changeset | 6 | 
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changeset | 7 * The selection of which analog interface pins the downlink audio should be | 
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changeset | 8 sent to: EARN&EARP (earpiece), AUXON&AUXOP (auxiliary) or HSO (headset). | 
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changeset | 9 | 
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changeset | 10 * The selection of which analog interface pins the uplink audio should be taken | 
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changeset | 11 from: MICIN&MICIP (main microphone), AUXI (auxiliary input) or HSMICP | 
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changeset | 12 (headset microphone). | 
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changeset | 13 | 
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changeset | 14 * The selection of AUXI input levels when this analog input is in use for the | 
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changeset | 15 voice uplink. | 
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changeset | 16 | 
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changeset | 17 * Analog gains for the uplink, the downlink and the analog sidetone from the | 
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changeset | 18 uplink input to the downlink output. | 
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changeset | 19 | 
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changeset | 20 * Selection of a special filter bypass mode for the voice downlink. | 
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changeset | 21 | 
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changeset | 22 * The selection of MICBIAS (or HSMICBIAS) voltage between 2.0 V and 2.5 V. | 
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changeset | 23 | 
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changeset | 24 The DSP voice path settings grouped under the audio mode are as follows: | 
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changeset | 25 | 
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changeset | 26 * The selection of the digital voice path as being between GSM and the ABB (the | 
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changeset | 27 default for analog voice interfaces), between GSM and MCSI (the external | 
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changeset | 28 digital voice interface) or between MCSI and the ABB (non-GSM operation). | 
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changeset | 29 | 
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changeset | 30 * FIR filter coefficients for the voice uplink and for the voice downlink. | 
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changeset | 31 | 
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changeset | 32 * Enabling/disabling and configuration of the Acoustic Echo Cancellation (AEC) | 
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changeset | 33 mechanism. | 
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changeset | 34 | 
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changeset | 35 The firmware paradigm for working with all of the above settings is as follows: | 
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changeset | 36 | 
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changeset | 37 * In a lab environment, each of the listed settings can be independently tweaked | 
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changeset | 38 and read back through ETM packets over the RVTMUX debug serial interface; the | 
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changeset | 39 corresponding fc-tmsh commands (matching TI's original Windows-based TMSH) | 
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changeset | 40 are auw for writing individual audio parameters and aur for reading them back. | 
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changeset | 41 | 
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changeset | 42 * In end-use operation, TI's intent as realized in the firmware design is that | 
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changeset | 43 all of the listed audio settings will only be changed as a group, loaded from | 
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changeset | 44 audio mode configuration files in FFS. | 
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changeset | 45 | 
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changeset | 46 Each audio mode configuration needs to be assigned a name between 1 and 9 | 
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changeset | 47 characters long, and for each named configuration there are two files in FFS: | 
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changeset | 48 | 
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changeset | 49 /aud/modename.cfg is the main configuration file | 
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changeset | 50 /aud/modename.vol is the corresponding volume setting file | 
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changeset | 51 | 
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changeset | 52 This paradigm is a good fit for "dumbphone" handsets in which there usually | 
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changeset | 53 will be several different voice audio configurations for classic handheld | 
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changeset | 54 operation, for the hands-free loudspeaker mode, for operation with a wired | 
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changeset | 55 headset, and if the phone uses its hands-free loudspeaker plus the Calypso DSP | 
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changeset | 56 to play ringtones (as opposed to using a buzzer on BU/PWT or a ringtone player | 
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changeset | 57 chip that drives the speaker bypassing the voice path), there will also need to | 
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changeset | 58 be an output-only audio configuration for ringing. | 
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changeset | 59 | 
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changeset | 60 How do the audio mode config files under /aud come into being? It appears that | 
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changeset | 61 TI's original intent was that a configuration would be manually constructed on | 
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changeset | 62 a test device via TMSH auw commands, saved in the FFS of that test device with | 
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changeset | 63 the aus command, then read out of that test device FFS in binary form and | 
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changeset | 64 reuploaded as an opaque blob to all devices on the production line. One can do | 
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changeset | 65 the same procedure with our fc-tmsh and fc-fsio which fully replicate the | 
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changeset | 66 relevant functionality of TI's original TMSH (to the best of our knowledge), | 
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changeset | 67 but in FreeCalypso we have an alternate way which fits better with our UNIX | 
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changeset | 68 philosophy: we have created our own ASCII text format for representing all of | 
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changeset | 69 the content in TI's /aud/*.cfg binary files and tiaud-* utilities for compiling | 
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changeset | 70 TI's binary cfg files from our ASCII source format, disassembling a *.cfg file | 
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changeset | 71 read out of FFS into the same ASCII format, and creating the required *.vol | 
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changeset | 72 companion files, which are also binary. | 
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changeset | 73 | 
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changeset | 74 A note about volume settings: the Iota ABB has two variable gain controls in | 
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changeset | 75 the voice downlink path: the main "volume" gain in rather coarse 6 dB steps | 
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changeset | 76 (the choices being 0 dB, -6 dB, -12 dB, -18 dB, -24 dB and mute) and a finer | 
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changeset | 77 "calibration" gain in 1 dB steps between -6 and +6 dB. It appears that TI's | 
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changeset | 78 intent was that only the coarse volume control in 6 dB steps is to be visible | 
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changeset | 79 to the user, with just 5 possible non-mute volume levels, and that the finer | 
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changeset | 80 gain control be set at the factory in the audio mode config files for each mode | 
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changeset | 81 as some form of calibration. Pirelli DP-L10 significantly deviates from this | 
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changeset | 82 model by providing 10 non-mute volume levels to the user with 2 dB or 3 dB steps | 
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changeset | 83 between them by changing both VOLCTL and VDLPG fields in the VBDCTRL register, | 
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changeset | 84 but at the present time we have no plans to make a similar drastic change in | 
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changeset | 85 FreeCalypso. | 
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changeset | 86 | 
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changeset | 87 Another noteworthy feature of the audio mode system with respect to volume | 
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changeset | 88 control is that there is a separate *.vol file that stores the current volume | 
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changeset | 89 setting for each mode. In a "dumbphone" handset firmware built according to | 
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changeset | 90 TI's paradigm, the /aud/*.cfg files will be written once on the factory | 
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changeset | 91 production line and only read afterward, but whenever the user turns the volume | 
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changeset | 92 up or down in the UI, the *.vol file _corresponding to the current mode_ will | 
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changeset | 93 be updated by the running fw. Thus the fw would maintain a separate notion of | 
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changeset | 94 the current volume for ringing, for the earpiece speaker, for the hands-free | 
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changeset | 95 loudspeaker and for the wired headset, something which Pirelli's fw very | 
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changeset | 96 notoriously fails to do. | 
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changeset | 97 | 
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changeset | 98 Old vs. new AEC | 
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changeset | 99 =============== | 
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changeset | 100 | 
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changeset | 101 One of the settings in the audio mode config structure underwent an evolutionary | 
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changeset | 102 change within the span of history that is relevant to FreeCalypso - this setting | 
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changeset | 103 is the configuration for AEC, the Acoustic Echo Cancellation functional block | 
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changeset | 104 of the Calypso DSP. As TI's GSM DSPs evolved (before, during and after the | 
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changeset | 105 Calypso era), their AEC implementation evolved along with the rest, and | 
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changeset | 106 different evolutionary versions of AEC require different configuration and | 
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changeset | 107 tuning parameters. When the audio mode facility was first implemented, the AEC | 
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changeset | 108 block in TI's GSM DSPs of that time was controlled with a single 16-bit control | 
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changeset | 109 word; the people in the SSA group who implemented RiViera Audio Service then | 
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changeset | 110 decided to split different bits from this one DSP control word into 5 different | 
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changeset | 111 parameter words, and the result was the "old" 5-word AEC config. | 
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changeset | 112 | 
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changeset | 113 But the version of AEC implemented in the DSP ROM in the Calypso silicon version | 
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changeset | 114 we work with is slightly newer; this version corresponds to what TI's L1 code | 
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changeset | 115 calls L1_NEW_AEC. However, the waters then got muddied: for reasons which we | 
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changeset | 116 (FreeCalypso team) cannot understand (perhaps miscommunication between different | 
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changeset | 117 groups at TI), TI's TCS211 reference firmware shipped with L1_NEW_AEC disabled | 
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changeset | 118 (C preprocessor symbol set to 0 instead of 1), even though the underlying DSP | 
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changeset | 119 AEC block (combination of ROM and official patches) is the "new" kind and not | 
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changeset | 120 the "old" one. There are two fallouts from this software misconfiguration on | 
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changeset | 121 TI's part: | 
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changeset | 122 | 
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changeset | 123 1) If one takes stock TCS211 from TI or any derivative version in which this | 
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changeset | 124 aspect is unchanged (all mokoN firmwares, and all FC firmwares up to | 
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changeset | 125 Magnetite) and tries to enable AEC, the result will be a poor AEC | 
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changeset | 126 configuration: the old echo level and long vs short settings do nothing on | 
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changeset | 127 the new DSP, whereas the new tunable parameters will remain at their defaults | 
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changeset | 128 with no way to tweak them. I (Mother Mychaela) can only guess that this | 
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changeset | 129 situation is what Openmoko must have run into when they tried to get AEC | 
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changeset | 130 working. | 
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changeset | 131 | 
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changeset | 132 2) When someone downstream of TI figures out that L1_NEW_AEC needs to be changed | 
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changeset | 133 from 0 to 1 and actually makes that change, like we did in our Tourmaline fw, | 
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changeset | 134 the format and size of the audio mode binary structure change, and all old | 
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changeset | 135 audio mode config files become invalid. | 
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changeset | 136 | 
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changeset | 137 Our FreeCalypso work is affected by point 2 above: we started working with audio | 
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changeset | 138 mode config files in 2017, using the old AEC configuration, and only made the | 
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changeset | 139 switch to L1_NEW_AEC in 2021. We now have two kinds of audio mode config binary | 
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changeset | 140 files: the old kind that are 164 bytes long, and the new kind that are 176 bytes | 
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changeset | 141 long. Our Tourmaline firmware has L1_NEW_AEC enabled, while Magnetite (our | 
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changeset | 142 legacy backward compatiblity fw) has it disabled. | 
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changeset | 143 | 
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changeset | 144 To prevent loading of garbage into AEC config when an audio mode file of the | 
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changeset | 145 wrong kind is loaded, we have implemented the following workaround in both | 
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changeset | 146 Tourmaline and Magnetite: if the loaded mode config file has the wrong length, | 
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changeset | 147 the AEC config is set to the default disabled state instead of whatever is in | 
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changeset | 148 the mode file - loading an AEC config of the wrong format is not possible. | 
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changeset | 149 | 
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changeset | 150 Default audio configuration | 
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changeset | 151 =========================== | 
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changeset | 152 | 
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changeset | 153 The default audio config set in the Iota ABB registers and in the DSP when no | 
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changeset | 154 named audio mode config has been loaded with the audio_mode_load() API call | 
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changeset | 155 (accessible via AT@AUL or via fc-tmsh aul command) is as follows, in the syntax | 
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changeset | 156 which our tiaud-compile utility accepts as input and which our tiaud-decomp | 
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changeset | 157 utility emits as output: | 
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changeset | 158 | 
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changeset | 159 voice-path 0 | 
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changeset | 160 mic default { | 
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changeset | 161 gain 3 | 
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changeset | 162 output-bias 0 | 
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changeset | 163 fir 0 0x4000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 | 
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changeset | 164 fir 8 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 | 
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changeset | 165 fir 16 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 | 
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changeset | 166 fir 24 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 | 
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changeset | 167 } | 
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changeset | 168 speaker ear+aux { | 
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changeset | 169 gain 0 | 
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changeset | 170 audio-filter 0 | 
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changeset | 171 fir 0 0x4000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 | 
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changeset | 172 fir 8 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 | 
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changeset | 173 fir 16 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 | 
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changeset | 174 fir 24 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 | 
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changeset | 175 } | 
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changeset | 176 sidetone -5 | 
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changeset | 177 aec 0 0 0 0 0 | 
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changeset | 178 | 
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changeset | 179 The above version is the one produced by Magnetite and earlier firmwares without | 
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changeset | 180 L1_NEW_AEC; in the new Tourmaline version the last line changes to: | 
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changeset | 181 | 
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changeset | 182 aec-new 0 0 0x1 0x7FFF 0x1FFF 0x4000 0x32 0x1000 0x1000 0 0 0 | 
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changeset | 183 | 
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changeset | 184 The meaning is as follows: | 
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changeset | 185 | 
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changeset | 186 * voice-path is the DSP digital voice path setting, 0 means the standard | 
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changeset | 187 configuration with the voice channel going between GSM and the local analog | 
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changeset | 188 voice hardware attached to the ABB. | 
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changeset | 189 | 
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changeset | 190 * The default microphone input is used for the voice uplink (MICIN&MICIP pins), | 
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changeset | 191 whereas the voice downlink is presented on both EARN&EARP and AUXON&AUXOP | 
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changeset | 192 pins, i.e., both "ear" and "aux" VDL amplifiers are enabled. | 
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changeset | 193 | 
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changeset | 194 * The microphone gain is 3 dB, the fine gain adjustment in the voice downlink | 
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changeset | 195 path is 0 dB, and the sidetone gain is -5 dB. | 
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changeset | 196 | 
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changeset | 197 * output-bias 0 under mic means that the MICBIAS voltage is set to 2.0 V. | 
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changeset | 198 | 
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changeset | 199 * audio-filter 0 under speaker means that the VFBYP bit in the VBCTRL1 register | 
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changeset | 200 is NOT set, i.e., the normal configuration. | 
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changeset | 201 | 
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changeset | 202 * DSP FIR filters do nothing, as coefficient 0 is set to unity and all other | 
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changeset | 203 coefficients are set to zero. | 
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changeset | 204 | 
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changeset | 205 * The AEC mechanism in the DSP is disabled, although the format of the bits that | 
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changeset | 206 say so is different between old and new AEC versions. In the new version | 
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changeset | 207 there are a number of tunable settings that only kick in when AEC is enabled; | 
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changeset | 208 when AEC is disabled by default, these tunable knobs still have sensible | 
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changeset | 209 defaults that aren't all zeros. | 
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changeset | 210 | 
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changeset | 211 Creating your own audio mode configurations | 
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changeset | 212 =========================================== | 
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changeset | 213 | 
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changeset | 214 The input to our tiaud-compile utility can contain every setting shown in the | 
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changeset | 215 default case above, or any desired subset thereof. For any settings not given | 
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changeset | 216 in the input, the defaults from the above will be used, except that | 
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changeset | 217 tiaud-compile's current default for the speaker mode is just ear rather than | 
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changeset | 218 ear+aux. (It is a default which you should NOT depend on; set it explicitly if | 
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changeset | 219 it matters!) A few notes: | 
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changeset | 220 | 
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changeset | 221 * For all settings given as numbers, the number given in the ASCII input is the | 
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changeset | 222 number that goes into TI's binary structure, without any transformation, even | 
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changeset | 223 in those cases where the result is counter-intuitive, such as "audio-filter 0" | 
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changeset | 224 meaning that the filter is *enabled*. | 
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changeset | 225 | 
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changeset | 226 * The 3 possible mode keywords for the mic mode are default, aux and headset, | 
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changeset | 227 corresponding to MICIN&MICIP, AUXI and HSMICP analog inputs, respectively. | 
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changeset | 228 | 
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changeset | 229 * The 5 possible mode keywords for the speaker mode are ear, aux, headset, | 
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changeset | 230 buzzer and ear+aux. The buzzer speaker mode exists only on TI's Nausica ABB | 
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changeset | 231 predating Iota, i.e., it won't work on any of the Calypso+Iota+Rita devices | 
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changeset | 232 built or supported by FreeCalypso, but our tiaud-compile and tiaud-decomp | 
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changeset | 233 utilities support it because it is nominally supported by TI's RiViera Audio | 
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changeset | 234 Service and its binary data structure for audio mode configuration. | 
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changeset | 235 | 
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changeset | 236 * When mic is set to aux, an additional mic setting called extra-gain becomes | 
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changeset | 237 available. If extra-gain is set to 0, the AUXI gain will be set to 28.2 dB, | 
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changeset | 238 if extra-gain is set to 1, the AUXI gain will be set to 4.6 dB; all other | 
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changeset | 239 values will be considered invalid by the firmware. | 
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changeset | 240 | 
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changeset | 241 * Each of the two FIR filters in the DSP (one for uplink, one for downlink) has | 
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changeset | 242 a total of 31 coefficients, numbered 0 through 30, inclusive. In the ASCII | 
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changeset | 243 input to tiaud-compile you can put each coefficient on its own fir line, put | 
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changeset | 244 all 31 coefficients on the same line, or group them in any other way you like. | 
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changeset | 245 The grouping used in the tiaud-decomp output has been chosen for line length | 
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changeset | 246 reasons. | 
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changeset | 247 | 
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changeset | 248 aec vs aec-new in tiaud-compile input | 
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changeset | 249 ===================================== | 
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changeset | 250 | 
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changeset | 251 tiaud-compile accepts both aec (old) and aec-new settings; aec must be followed | 
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changeset | 252 by 5 numbers, aec-new must be followed by 12 numbers. Each number is a 16-bit | 
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changeset | 253 value, and they go into the binary structure without further interpretation by | 
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changeset | 254 tiaud-compile - instead the firmware is the entity that gives them meaning. | 
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changeset | 255 Numbers without 0x prefix are interpreted as decimal. | 
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changeset | 256 | 
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changeset | 257 tiaud-compile will generate one type or the other of the binary output file, | 
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changeset | 258 following these rules: | 
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changeset | 259 | 
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changeset | 260 * If an aec setting is given, a 164 byte file will be produced, with the 5 AEC | 
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changeset | 261 words being the given ones. | 
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changeset | 262 | 
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changeset | 263 * If an aec-new setting is given, a 176 byte file will be produced, with the 12 | 
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changeset | 264 AEC words being the given ones. | 
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changeset | 265 | 
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changeset | 266 * If neither setting is given, a 164 byte file will be produced, with the 5 AEC | 
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changeset | 267 words of the old type being all zeros. Thanks to the modified audio mode | 
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changeset | 268 loading code in our firmwares, these 164 byte mode files can still be used | 
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changeset | 269 with current Tourmaline fw, with AEC set to its default disabled state. | 
